CVE-2026-31446
Full vulnerability record from the local CVENow database.
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix use-after-free in update_super_work when racing with umount Commit b98535d09179 ("ext4: fix bug_on in start_this_handle during umount filesystem") moved ext4_unregister_sysfs() before flushing s_sb_upd_work to prevent new error work from being queued via /proc/fs/ext4/xx/mb_groups reads during unmount. However, this introduced a use-after-free because update_super_work calls ext4_notify_error_sysfs() -> sysfs_notify() which accesses the kobject's kernfs_node after it has been freed by kobject_del() in ext4_unregister_sysfs(): update_super_work ext4_put_super ----------------- -------------- ext4_unregister_sysfs(sb) kobject_del(&sbi->s_kobj) __kobject_del() sysfs_remove_dir() kobj->sd = NULL sysfs_put(sd) kernfs_put() // RCU free ext4_notify_error_sysfs(sbi) sysfs_notify(&sbi->s_kobj) kn = kobj->sd // stale pointer kernfs_get(kn) // UAF on freed kernfs_node ext4_journal_destroy() flush_work(&sbi->s_sb_upd_work) Instead of reordering the teardown sequence, fix this by making ext4_notify_error_sysfs() detect that sysfs has already been torn down by checking s_kobj.state_in_sysfs, and skipping the sysfs_notify() call in that case. A dedicated mutex (s_error_notify_mutex) serializes ext4_notify_error_sysfs() against kobject_del() in ext4_unregister_sysfs() to prevent TOCTOU races where the kobject could be deleted between the state_in_sysfs check and the sysfs_notify() call.
Severity
HIGH
CVSS score
7.8
(v3.1)
Vulnerability status
Modified
Source identifier
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Published
2026-04-22 14:16:38.340000
Last modified
2026-10-19 19:17:53.660000
View original CVE JSON
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"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"published": "2026-04-22T14:16:38.340",
"lastModified": "2026-10-19T19:17:53.660",
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\next4: fix use-after-free in update_super_work when racing with umount\n\nCommit b98535d09179 (\"ext4: fix bug_on in start_this_handle during umount\nfilesystem\") moved ext4_unregister_sysfs() before flushing s_sb_upd_work\nto prevent new error work from being queued via /proc/fs/ext4/xx/mb_groups\nreads during unmount. However, this introduced a use-after-free because\nupdate_super_work calls ext4_notify_error_sysfs() -> sysfs_notify() which\naccesses the kobject's kernfs_node after it has been freed by kobject_del()\nin ext4_unregister_sysfs():\n\n update_super_work ext4_put_super\n ----------------- --------------\n ext4_unregister_sysfs(sb)\n kobject_del(&sbi->s_kobj)\n __kobject_del()\n sysfs_remove_dir()\n kobj->sd = NULL\n sysfs_put(sd)\n kernfs_put() // RCU free\n ext4_notify_error_sysfs(sbi)\n sysfs_notify(&sbi->s_kobj)\n kn = kobj->sd // stale pointer\n kernfs_get(kn) // UAF on freed kernfs_node\n ext4_journal_destroy()\n flush_work(&sbi->s_sb_upd_work)\n\nInstead of reordering the teardown sequence, fix this by making\next4_notify_error_sysfs() detect that sysfs has already been torn down\nby checking s_kobj.state_in_sysfs, and skipping the sysfs_notify() call\nin that case. A dedicated mutex (s_error_notify_mutex) serializes\next4_notify_error_sysfs() against kobject_del() in ext4_unregister_sysfs()\nto prevent TOCTOU races where the kobject could be deleted between the\nstate_in_sysfs check and the sysfs_notify() call."
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